高压加热器入口三通阀的设计

介绍了高压加热器入口三通阀的工作原理和结构设计,论述了高压加热器保护装置的类型。     

程序升温还原法和程序升温脱附法表征全Pd催化剂

研制的新型储氧材料具有高的储氧量和大的比表面积,显示出良好的抗高温老化性能.将新型的储氧材料作为载体添加到Pd/Al2O3催化剂中,用程序升温还原法(TPR)和程序升温脱附法(TPD)对催化剂Pd/Al2O3、Pd/OSZ及Pd/Al2O3+OSZ性能进行表征,表明储氧材料的添加,影响了Pd的氧化还原性能和氧脱附性能,提高了催化剂的活性.     

Revealing bank lending decisions for contractors in Hong Kong

Banks’ conservative attitude towards construction loan applications has been considered as the biggest obstacle to contractors’ business development. The objective of this research is to explore and understand banks’ perception on contractors’ borrowing in Hong Kong through three stages. First, a framework that classified a set of criteria on loan application assessment was formulated. Second, a questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the key criteria by testing the theoretical framework with a number of banks. Third, a number of bankers were interviewed to explore the reasoning behind the tested framework. The paper presents findings on how banks have processed and evaluated contractors’ loan applications. Further, similar lending policies adopted by international banks in Hong Kong would also be applied internationally. Accordingly, the findings would help contractors, not only in Hong Kong but also internationally, to find ways to enhance the success of their loan applications.     

基于k-means的自动三支决策聚类方法

应用广泛的k-means算法结果是一种二支决策的结果,即对象要么属于某个类要么不属于这个类,这种决策方式难以适用于一些具有不确定现象的环境,因此提出三支决策聚类方法来反映对象与类之间的关系,即：对象确定属于某类、可能属于某类或确定不属于某类。显然,二支决策是三支决策的一种特例。此外,从类内紧凑性和考虑近邻类间分离性角度出发,定义了分离性指数、聚类结果评估有效性指数,并提出了一种自动三支决策聚类算法。该方法为处理具有不确定信息的基于k-means算法框架的聚类数目自动确定的难题提供了一种新的解决思路。在人工数据集和UCI真实数据集上的初步对比实验结果表明所提出的方法是有效的。     

变精度粗糙集的区域属性约简及其结构启发算法

采用二分类情形与三支决策区域,研究变精度粗糙集（VPRS）两类属性约简及其结构启发算法。首先,依托三支决策区域构建分类区域,提出分类区域保持（CRP）约简与决策区域保持（DRP）约简,得到对定性属性约简的量化扩张性,设计基于核的结构启发算法;然后,研究两类区域约简的强弱关系,设计由强至弱的结构启发算法,得到二支决策拓展为三支决策的约简改进;最后,利用数据表实例与UCI数据集验证区域约简及其启发算法的有效性。     

基于区间概念格的三支决策动态策略调控模型

深入分析区间概念格的由上下界外延和内涵构成的区间概念特征和层次结构特性,融合基于决策粗糙集的三支决策理论,提出区间三支决策空间概念,通过降低决策损失实现决策的动态调控从而达到决策方案最优。将区间概念外延划分为三个域：正域、负域和边界域,并给出了基于区间概念的三支决策规则、决策度量函数与决策损失函数,分析了区间参数与函数之间的变化关系;定义了区间三支决策概念和由决策动作和决策损失共同构成的决策,并运用区间概念格的建格方法构建了三支决策空间;基于区间三支决策空间建立了动态策略调控模型,实现了对实际问题的动态决策并能有效降低决策失误带来的损失;通过医疗诊断实例证明了模型的正确性与可行性。     

基于三支决策理论的客户细分方法

针对客户细分问题中存在的不确定性,提出了一种基于三支决策理论的细分方法。该方法综合考虑了客户细分的风险代价和收益,基于三支决策理论,建立了客户细分模型,给出了计算三支决策阈值的方法,同时还给出了应用实施的步骤。最后,通过实例分析说明了客户细分方法的应用过程和优势所在。三支决策不是仅仅作为二支决策的过程,而是在最终结果中保留三支结果,以采取三种不同的策略,这赋予了三支决策三个域以新的解释。三支决策理论的引入,为客户细分提供了新的思路和方法,可以最小化决策风险代价。     

Blowing in the (social) wind: Implications of extrinsic esteem contingencies for terror management and health.

In 4 studies, the role of extrinsic esteem contingencies in adjusting to shifting health-relevant standards when managing existential fears was examined. Study 1 demonstrated that after reminders of death, higher dispositional focus on extrinsic self-esteem contingencies predicted greater interest in tanning. Using a more domain-specific approach, Study 2 showed that, after being reminded of death, the more individuals smoke for social esteem reasons, the more compelling they find an antismoking commercial that exposes adverse social consequences of smoking. Study 3 explored how situational factors (i.e., priming a contingent relational schema) that implicate extrinsic contingencies facilitated the impact of shifting standard primes on tanning intentions after mortality salience. Finally, Study 4 found that mortality salience led to increased endorsement of exercise as a basis of self-worth when participants who derive self-esteem from extrinsic sources visualized someone who exercises. Together, these studies demonstrate that reminders of death interact with prevalent social standards to influence everyday health decisions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Discounting behavior and environmental decisions.

Discounting plays a major role in the life cycle of environmental and natural resource policies. Evaluating centuries-scale problems like climate change with standard discount rates yields results that many find ethically unacceptable. Paradoxes abound. Low discount rates are urged for determining the net benefits of climate change, while households fail to undertake energy conservation actions that have payback periods of only a few years. Efforts to uncover discount rates from revealed and stated preferences suggest that a variety of confounding factors may be simultaneously in play. Common property resources provide an example of how market failures can lead to behavior consistent with extreme discounting that can be addressed through effective policy. Finally, politicians who make ultimate policy decisions may have incentives to act in accordance with discount rates not socially optimal. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

面向突发事件的应急救援装备设计方法研究

目的 通过对应急救援装备各构成要素设计方法的整合,构建系统性的产品设计流程体系,提高应急救援装备的人性化水平。方法 突发事件可能造成大量的人员伤亡和经济损失,应急救援装备作为防灾减灾工作的终端环节,也是处置突发事件的必要手段,其设计的人性化水平将直接影响应急救援的效果。通过对国内外相关文献的分析研究,梳理了应急救援装备功能、形态、结构等的典型设计方法,着重强调了心理诉求与行为特征在设计过程中的重要作用。结论 针对应急救援装备各构成要素设计方法存在的局限性,提出了基于情景构建与态势推演策略的产品协同设计模式,为建立系统性的设计流程体系,以及对应急救援装备设计方法的深入研究提供了参考,同时对提高其设计的人性化水平也具有重要意义。